Freshwater gudgeons in Australia are small, benthic fishes commonly found in rivers, creeks, wetlands, and billabongs, typically associated with sand, gravel, or muddy substrates and areas of cover such as vegetation or woody debris. They are generally bottom-oriented but remain active, often perching on the substrate and making short movements to feed. Gudgeons primarily consume small invertebrates and organic material, using well-developed sensory systems suited to low-visibility conditions. Many species are adaptable to a range of environments, including still and slow-flowing waters, and some are tolerant of varying salinity, particularly in coastal systems.